Definition of recurrent UTI in child
- 3 lower UTIs
- 2 upper UTIs (bacteruria + fever/loin pain)
- 1 lower UTI + 1 upper UTI
Presentation of UTI varies depending on age
- <3 months – fever, vomiting, lethargy, reduced feeding, faltering growth
- 3 months -> 3 years – as above + abdo pain
- >3 years – frequency, dysuria, cloudy urine
Collecting urine sample
- Ideally clean catch, otherwise, urine collection bag
Refer for imaging
- <6 months old and responds well to treatment -> USS
- atypical/recurrent -> refer to paeds for further imaging (MCUG, DMSA)
- (MCUG good for vesicoureteric reflux, DMSA good for kidney scarring)
Clinical management
- <3 months old + unwell – admit
- >3 months old – nitrofurantoin
- Lifestyle
- Hygiene
- Increase fluids
- Avoid constipation – easy access to toilets